Fluid-pressure motor



' June 24, 1930. 4

Filed Aug. 1, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 24, 1930. 0. KELLY FLUID PRESSURE MG'I'OR 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 1, 1927 1' l five-12 571" Jime24,1930 Q. KELLY v 1,767,214]

' FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Filed Aug. 1; 1927 s Sh eetsSheet s/ Jue 24, 1930.

O. KELLY FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Filed Aug. 1, 1927 5 Sheets-Shet 4 Jufie 24:, 1939., KELLY 4 1,76%2114 FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Filed Aug. 1, 1927 S Sheets-Sheei 5 all Patented Junel24,

My invention -relates, snore particularly,-

I on n-nnnticgoroo uMB s, onto r nu in rnnssunnMoron i Application iieafiiujg si 1, 1927. serial; no. {men to motors employing liquid, such as water under pressure, as-the fluid tor operating them, and my PllInitI'YObjQCtdS to: provide a construction OfdDOiZOI which shall "be rela; tively simple :aDClffiCOIlODlICaL of construction and positive in operation, and which may be operated relatively slowly; without danger ofslippage or leakage of the actuat} ingfluid and other objects as will beinani- Figure 1 isa view-inlongitudinal eleva- $1011 of a fluid -pressure motor constituting one embodiment of in-y -inventn, the piston test from the following description. 7

Referringto the accompany ng drawmember ofwhi-chgtogethe with certain other parts, is] showninside elevation. Figure 2 is a View likeFig; l,- but enlargedyof the piston and cylinder portion of "the 1necha-;

nisintheiein shown, this view heingta'ken at the line 2 on Fig; l .andvi'ew'ed in the dlfeC tion of the arrow; Figure 3 isa section tak en= at the lines 3 oniFigs. '2and4 and viewed in the direetions offthe respective-arrows. Figure 4 isfa= plan sectionalview taken at the line 4 on Eig. 3 and viewed in'the dia rection of the arrow. Figure 5' is aplan sectional view taken a-tthe line 5 on Fig. '3 and viewed in thedirection-ofthe arrow;

Figure G is a detailed view,-.with"a portion thereof broken away of the valve by which the flow of the actuating fiIIiCl tO GPPQ SEQ ends ofthe cylinder is controlled.yFigure'? is a similar View of the-valve loy which the exhaust of the spent fluid from the: opposite ends of the cylinder is controlled. Figu ie B is plan view of another'enibod inent oi rny invention. Figure-9 is a View in-sideeleva-j tion I of the mechanism of Fig. 8; Figure IO is a similar view of theinechanisimthe latter being viewed from theTight-handside in Fig. 9: Figure 1-1 is an enlarged: sectional view takenat-the lineAI'I 'on Fig/Bfand viewed in the direction-of the arrows}; andv Figure 12, anf'enlargedsectional view t'aken at-the line 12 onF1g.-8 and-viewed in th'e direction ofthe arrowsi :f Referring to the construction shownin inclus ve, the meehanism com- Figs. 1 to "of yt'ne piston,

prises cylinder 15 the lower end which is'provided withtubular-bossesd6 and 17- which openiinto' the interior-ofthe cylinder, thesefloosses I having screwed 1 into-them pipes l8 and -l9, respect1vely,thepipej18leading to any, suitable source oi operating fluid un der jressure a'si'or exam lo and more mticula-rly, water, andthe.pipe1'9,:through which the spent liquid f-roin the cylinder is exhausted, leading to any suitable point "of discharge; 7 H

Slidable in-the cylinder 15 is: a piston :20 provided with astem 21- slidable in-an 'opening .22 {inthe 3 upper end f the-cylinder l5,'this stein being. adapted at its outer end foraconnection with the device to -be openeted by the piston. i I e i f-T he mechanism :=sh'0wn-;is adapted" to au toniatica'lly reciprocate the piston 20in o posits directions an d to: this end: is provided with'valve "mechanism which -operatesau toinatically, in response tolth'e movements to introduce the actuating fluid into opposite ends alternately oi thec'ylinde'rllo and exhaust the spent :liquid therefrom; In this construction the valve mechanism is containedswithin, and carried .by, the pistoniZO which isshownias .for med of three disks 23, 24? and '25, with piston leathers -26 confined 1 therebetween. 1 The disk v242 contains openings :27 end "28 and the disk 25 openings {29)2Hld 30, the f openings i27fiand 28 aligning with the openings 29 fland' 30," respectively. The disk 23 contains relatively large openings 31-and32 .which align, respectively, with the *aligned openingsin the disks 2% and 25 and :formtherewith POl-llSBaCh opening through both faces of: the piston and thus communication with both ends of the cylinder.. The opening 31 :is in communi cation with onesend of a :pipe 33 rigidly "secu-red to. thekp'iston' and extending slidabl 1 throughpacking. 34 inthehoss 16, and slidably telescoping at its" lower-rend with the pipe 18. The opening 32-:eo1nmunicates with V thezrupper end ofxa pipe .85wrigidly secured to the piston. and'rsli'dablezinpaeking' 36 inthe boss? 17 and in the pipef19 with which it I. telescopes, it being understood (from. the

. foregoing that as the piston 20 reciprocates in thecylinder the pipes'33. and slide up and down in the pipes 18 and 19.

r The valves proper for controlling coinmunication between the ports in the piston and the opposite ends of the cylinder are represented generally at 37 and 38 these valves, being mounted to reciprocate in the ports which they control. The valves 37 and 38 are rigidly connected together to operate as a unit, by'plates 39 and 40, secured to these valves by nuts 41 screwing on the threaded extremities of these valves,'the plate 39 being apertured at 39 to receive the piston stem 21 on which the plate 39 slides.

, The valve 37 is provided at the portion thereof which extends into the opening 31,

with a flange 42 constituting a head of a larger diameter than the openings 27 and 29 and at opposite sides of this head is fluted as represented'at 43. V

V The valve 38 is provided at opposite ends beyond the outer faces'of the disks 24 and 25 with flanges 44 and forming heads of larger [diameter than the openings 28 and 30, and intermediate these heads is fluted as represented at 46. I

g The plates 39 and 40 are provided with coil springs 47 and 48, respectively, which, respectively, extend upwardly and downwardly beyond the unitary structure formed of the valves and plates 39 and 40 as shown these springs being located centrally of the.

cylinder, the upper spring 47 surrounding the piston stem 21 in spaced relation thereto. The operation of the mechanismdescribed is as follows: i c

, Assuming that the parts of the mechanism are in the position shown in Figs. 1 to ,7, inclusive, in which position the actuating fluid flows through the pipes 18 and 33 into the opening 31 in the piston and thence along the fluted portions 43,.and into the lower end of the cylinder 15 and the spent fluid in the upper end of the cylinder discharges through the fluted portions 46 and into the opening 32-and thence through the pipes'35 and 19, the piston in continuing its upward movement carries the spring 47 into engagement with the upper head of the cylinder 15 with the result that .this spring becomes compressed and exerts downward pressure on the valve mechanism which continues to. increase until it overcomes the pressure of the incoming fluid against the valve heads 42 and 45 andwhich operates to hold these valves against their seats, whereupon the valve mechanism is quickly shifted downwardly to close the passage 29 to the passage 31 and open to the latter the passage 27 and close the passage 28 to the passage 32 and open to the latter the-passage 30.. The actuating fluid thereupon flows into the upper end of the cylinder and the spent fluid beneath the piston. discharges through the pipes 35 and '19. The piston is thusforced downwardly and continues this movement until sufiicient energy is stored in the lower spring48, in contacting with thezlower head of the cylinder, to overcome the pressure of the fluid in holding the valves in the posi-' driven upwardly, this cycle of operations. continu ng so long as fluid under pressure continues to be supplied to the pipe 18.

By way of further explanation, it may be stated that the arrangement of the passages and valves as described is such that when the valves are shifted to either of the two positions referred to, the force exerted by the actuating fluid serves to forcibly press the valveheads against the seats cooperating therewith to effectually prevent leakage, the springs47 and 48 serving, in the final movements of the piston to store up pressure un til the pressure of the actuating fluid against the valves is overcome, whereupon the valve structure is positively moved into its position ofreverse. Referring now to the mechanism illustrated in Figs. 8 to 12, inclusive, and which involves therprovision, exterior ofthe cylinder, of the valve mechanism for controlling the reciprocations of the pistons, this mechanism comprisesa cylinder 49 containing a piston 5O reciprocable therein and provided with a piston rod 5.1 operating through the end 52 of the cylinder, the outer end of this rod being adapted for connection with the device to be operated by the piston. The V valve mechanism in this construction comprises a casing 53 having heads-54 at its ends and intermediate these heads and spaced therefrom and from each other, partitions 55 and 55", thereby providing chambers 56, 57 and 58 in the casing. The chamber 56 communicates with a pipe 59 which leads from any suitable source of actuating fluid, as for example, and preferably, water under pressure; and the chambers 57 and 58 communicate, respectively, with pipes 60 and 61 forming exhaust passages and leading to any suitable point ofclischarge.

The partition 55 contains a chamber 62 which opens into a pipe 63 in communication with .the upper endof the cylinder 49; and

the partition 55 contains a chamber 64 c which opens into a pipe. 65j'1in communication withthe interior of the cylinder 49 at memes 1 saxis of the (casing-'53 and op'ening fat their inner ends into the chamber 64 and atth'eir outer ends into the' chamb'ers :56" and '58, re-

In "the casing '53 is: thew valve" mechanism proper, this mechanism ='co1npri1sing valve 1 'headsv7O and 71 mountedvonxa" reciprocal tivelyythese heads being larger than the-pas and'76,' respectively, The valve heads are 69 into -the--p'ass age 64 and pipef65 mum valve rod 72 and located infthe -chalnber' 56," these 'h'ejads being larger thanthe passages 66 and 69; and valvehe'ads 'Z3and-T4amounte ed on the ,outerends of'the valve rods72 and located in the-chambers57- and 58,"respec-,

sages '67 and 6'8. Thevalve rod-72 between the heads and '7 l, 1 and 7 1 and T3, at which itextendsthroughthe openingsjGES and 69, and66"and 67, "is fluted asf'represented at so {disposed that the heads? I j and 74 will seat simultaneously-and the heads 7 0 and 73 will likewise seat 'simultaneouslyin the movement of the rod 7-2 into the differentj positions tow hi'ch it-is" adapted toberecip r'ocated; V ,7

When the =valve mechanism occupies the position shown in Figs. 8' to '12, inclusive, the actuating fluid-flows from the piper-59. intothe chamber 56, then oe through the. passage lowerend of "the' cylinder which thereby anisrn is shi 70am 73 becomeseated and the valve heads 71 and 74 unseat, w-hereupon the incoming actuating fluid passes from the chamber through opening 66, passage 62-,1and: pipe 63, to the upper Lend of the cylinder-thereby forcing 'lthe piston downwardly,"the fluid below thepiston"discharging through the pipe65; chamberfil, passage 68, and shame.

ber 58,to theexhaust pipe 61. .7 Itwill be understood fromthe foregoing that the pressure exerted v by the incoming fluid in "thechamber; 56 against the one 1 of I the valves 7 0 and71'which' isin closed posia position in which theexhausting end of the fcy linder is tightlyclosed against escape-of tion is sufficient" to hold the; valve 'device in the actuating fiuid thereto,' thereby preventing' 'undesirable leakage-or slippage of the V The sme'ohanisrn shown for 9 aiitoinatically reciprocating the-valve rod 72 and the valve- 7 heads carried thereby-responsive to the reciprocations of the piston '50, comprises a rock shaft'77 journalled to extend into the casing 53 where it isprovidedwith a fork 78 the arms of which are representedat 79' and 80, these armsstraddling a projection- 81, in the form of aflange extending laterally from the Valve rod-72. The fork 78 is rcarried thereby. g a r I i 1.

ItIlIE tyzbG here stated that the resistance -provided; iiiternally: with a leaf spfing :82

ofgeneral U shape which isrigidly secured totheffork assindi'cated'ati8 and extends "at its free endsi between *the arins 79 land. 80 of the fork; the spring being ofsue'h'shapethat the ends thereof when; the springlis in normal 1condition, are-spaceds from "these arms as shownof one ofthe; arms in Fig. :lil. They spring 82 is thus a part'of thefork 78 andits ends operate;automatically to-engage o alternately with opposite faces of-the :flange 81 in-the oscillations of the shaft 77 forwreciprocating 'th'e valve rods 72 Eandithe-jpja'rts afi'ordedjby the ends ofthis spring is such tha-tjinthe oscillations of thegshaft '7-7 the springstores up-power until the pressure. of the fiuidtendingto hold the valve mechanism inset positionis overcome,f where upon h p sfe b y m res heiv lresmechanisinto reverse position.- i

Any suitable means forl oscillatinguthe shaft 77 in timed relation to the movements of thegpiston 50 may be provi'de d, tih jose shown comprising a' slide rod, 83 mounted in a guide 84 extending laterally froin the V piston irod 751 and I provided with two sets of't'appets comprising the tappets 85, 86, 87, a11d'88. The'tapets 85 and 86 cooperate V with an arm 89 T extending laterally from the shaft 77; andgprojecting atritsfouter end into the: space between these twO- bpp fi, this arin containing; slot 1 (n51; shown); through which the rod 83 extends and ii'n' which it is slidable. j The arin 89 islpre ferably provided with a roller 90 engaging a leaf spring 91 projectinglaterally from the cylinder 49 and "operating toprevent accidental shifting of the rod "83ffron1 the position to which it isifoperated. Theta-ppets '87 and 88' cooperate with arm '84 on the piston and are "adapted fto: be alternately engaged thereby -as ith'e piston nears tions', respectively. A p I 1 Thus assuming thepart's of'the nechanism to be in the position shown, as the'ipiston thelimit offlits movement in opposite direfc 50 nears the limit 'of its upward'rnovement the *arm 84E engages the tappet 88"thereby lifting the ,rod '83 j and; oscillating the shaft 77 in counterclockwise direction in Fig[ 11 with the resultof' moving the valve mech anismr into reverseifposition to direct the actuating fluid into the top of theicylinder and v exhaust the spent fluid "from the bot-. tom thereof; As thefp istonsnears the liniit of its downward movement the arm 84:. en

gages the tappet 87 and returns therod 83'and the shaft 77" to the position show-n in Figs; 10 and ll to direct the incoming fluid into the lower end of t'he cylinder =and*discharge thespent: fluid from the top thereof. "The various valve heads of bothof'the constructions as above 1 described, nlay i be iso 

